I got my hands on an old, unopened, previously unregistered copy of Windows Advanced Server 2000. This is likely the oldest version of Windows that I'm going to bother with. It is a base version without any of the service packs.
Win2k Version Service Packet 4 Download
This link for SP4 is an express version that doesn't actually work. It's not a full install and tries to connect to a dead link to download contents: -19990518/cabpool/sp4express_en_018beafd67fc9143a755d4c3618132a.exe
TightVNC 1.3.10 for Windows supports all client and server versions of Microsoft Windows starting at Windows 95 and Windows NT 4 SP6. However, Windows Vista, Windows 7 and the corresponding server versions of Windows are supported with limitations (service mode is not supported on those systems). If you would like to run TightVNC in Windows Vista or Windows 7/8/8.1/10, consider downloading TightVNC 2.8.63 instead:
Windows 2000 Service Pack 1 was codenamed "Asteroid"[24] and Windows 2000 64-bit was codenamed "Janus."[25][26] During development, there was a build for the Alpha which was abandoned in the final stages of development (between RC1 and RC2[27]) after Compaq announced they had dropped support for Windows NT on Alpha. From here, Microsoft issued three release candidates between July and November 1999, and finally released the operating system to partners on December 12, 1999, followed by manufacturing three days later on December 15.[28] The public could buy the full version of Windows 2000 on February 17, 2000. Three days before this event, which Microsoft advertised as "a standard in reliability," a leaked memo from Microsoft reported on by Mary Jo Foley revealed that Windows 2000 had "over 63,000 potential known defects."[29] After Foley's article was published, she claimed that Microsoft blacklisted her for a considerable time.[30] However, Abraham Silberschatz et al. claim in their computer science textbook that "Windows 2000 was the most reliable, stable operating system Microsoft had ever shipped to that point. Much of this reliability came from maturity in the source code, extensive stress testing of the system, and automatic detection of many serious errors in drivers."[31] InformationWeek summarized the release "our tests show the successor to NT 4.0 is everything we hoped it would be. Of course, it isn't perfect either."[32] Wired News later described the results of the February launch as "lackluster."[33] Novell criticized Microsoft's Active Directory, the new directory service architecture, as less scalable or reliable than its own Novell Directory Services (NDS) alternative.[34]
Windows 2000 Server shares the same user interface with Windows 2000 Professional, but contains additional components for the computer to perform server roles and run infrastructure and application software. A significant new component introduced in the server versions is Active Directory, which is an enterprise-wide directory service based on LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol). Additionally, Microsoft integrated Kerberos network authentication, replacing the often-criticised NTLM (NT LAN Manager) authentication system used in previous versions. This also provided a purely transitive-trust relationship between Windows 2000 Server domains in a forest (a collection of one or more Windows 2000 domains that share a common schema, configuration, and global catalog, being linked with two-way transitive trusts). Furthermore, Windows 2000 introduced a Domain Name Server which allows dynamic registration of IP addresses. Windows 2000 Server supports up to 4 processors and 4 GB of RAM, with a minimum requirement of 128 MB of RAM and 1 GB hard disk space, however requirements may be higher depending on installed components.[108]
The Windows 2000 family of operating systems moved from mainstream support to the extended support phase on June 30, 2005. Microsoft says that this marks the progression of Windows 2000 through the Windows lifecycle policy. Under mainstream support, Microsoft freely provides design changes if any, service packs and non-security related updates in addition to security updates, whereas in extended support, service packs are not provided and non-security updates require contacting the support personnel by e-mail or phone. Under the extended support phase, Microsoft continued to provide critical security updates every month for all components of Windows 2000 (including Internet Explorer 5.0 SP4) and paid per-incident support for technical issues. Because of Windows 2000's age, updated versions of components such as Windows Media Player 11 and Internet Explorer 7 have not been released for it. In the case of Internet Explorer, Microsoft said in 2005 that, "some of the security work in IE 7 relies on operating system functionality in XP SP2 that is non-trivial to port back to Windows 2000."[125]
Although Windows 2000 is the last NT-based version of Microsoft Windows which does not include product activation, Microsoft has introduced Windows Genuine Advantage for certain downloads and non-critical updates from the Download Center for Windows 2000.
As of 2011, Windows Update still supports the Windows 2000 updates available on Patch Tuesday in July 2010, e.g., if older optional Windows 2000 features are enabled later. Microsoft Office products under Windows 2000 have their own product lifecycles. While Internet Explorer 6 for Windows XP did receive security patches up until it lost support, this is not the case for IE6 under Windows 2000. The Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool installed monthly by Windows Update for XP and later versions can be still downloaded manually for Windows 2000.[128]
This software package should install on any reasonable machine running a 32 or 64bit version of Windows 2000, XP, Vista or Windows 7/8. Testing has only been performedon machines running with the latest service packs installed. For this reason, you areencouraged to keep your operating system up to date when using this software. An accountwith administrative privileges will be required to run the install application but notfor normal operation.
Shrew Soft offers a unified installer for both Standard and Professional editions. To installthe professional edition, you must download the VPN Client Installer, version 2.2.1 or later.During the install process, you will be prompted to select the edition to install.
Scan speeds on Windows are generally comparable to those onUnix, though the latter often has a slight performance edge. Oneexception to this is connect scan (-sT), which isoften much slower on Windows because of deficiencies in the Windowsnetworking API. This is a shame, since that is the one TCP scan thatworks over all networking types (not just ethernet, like the raw packet scans).Connect scan performance can beimproved substantially by applying the Registry changes in thenmap_performance.reg file included with Nmap. By default these changes are applied for you by the Nmap executable installer. This registry fileis in the nmap-directory of the Windows binary zip file, andnmap-/mswin32in the source tarball (where is theversion number of the specific release). These changes increasethe number of ephemeral ports reserved for user applications (such asNmap) and reduce the time delay before a closed connection canbe reused. Most people simply check the box to apply these changes in the executable Nmap installer, but you can also apply them by double-clicking onnmap_performance.reg, or by running the commandregedt32 nmap_performance.reg. To make the changes by hand, add these three Registry DWORD values toHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters:
Nmap requires the free Npcap packet capture library.We include a recent Npcap installer which is available in the zip fileas npcap-.exe,where is the Npcap version ratherthan the Nmap version. Alternatively, you can obtain and installthe latest version from
Uncompress the source code file you just downloaded. Thesource code directory and the nmap-mswin32-aux mustbe in the same parent directory.Recent releases of the free Cygwin distribution can handle both the .tar.bz2 and .tgz formats. Use the command tar xvjf nmap-version.tar.bz2 or tar xvzf nmap-version.tgz, respectively. Alternatively, the common WinZip application can decompress these files.
The final version of Python 2.0 was released on October 16, 2000.DownloadWhat's new (overview)What's new (details)Post-release newsFor critical patches, a Python 2.0 specific FAQ, and other issuesthat have come up since the release, please go to the new Python 2.0 infoarea, a set of user-editable webpages. If you have informationabout Python 2.0 you can discuss it there.Bugs and PatchesTo report a bug, always use the SourceForge Bug Tracker. Ifyou have a patch, please use the SourceForge Patch Manager.DownloadThe final version of Python 2.0 is available for download now.Windows installer. To install Python, Windows users need only download the Windowsinstaller and run it.Source code (.tar.gz, 3.9MB) or(.tar.bz2, 3.3MB)Linux RPMsPackageSource (gzip)Source (bzip2)Source RPMRedHat 6.1 RPMBeOpen-Python-2.0.tar.gz.tar.bz2.src.rpm.i386.rpmexpat-1.1N/AN/A.src.rpm.i386.rpmTkinter-2.0-8.0.tar.gz.tar.bz2.src.rpm.i386.rpm browse or download documentationNotes for Windows users:If you're running Windows 95, 98, ME, NT or 2000, all you need isthe Windows installer. It includes Python, Tcl/Tk, and thedocumentation in HTML format. Simply download the installer and runit.Some browsers remove the ".exe"suffix of the downloaded installer file. If this happens to you,simply rename the downloaded file to "python20.exe" before youdouble-click it to run the installer. Also, if you have everinstalled an older Python version (especially distributions fromPythonWare), you may have to remove references to it from yourautoexec.bat. Advanced Windows developers may also wish to download the Win32 extensions, by Mark Hammond of ActiveState. These makemany Microsoft Windows APIs available from Python.Incompatibility warning: Norton Antivirus 2000 can causeblue screen crashes on Windows 98 when a function in the os.popen*()family is invoked. To prevent this problem, disable Norton Antiviruswhen using Python. (Confirmed on Windows 98 Second Edition withNorton Antivirus version 6.10.20. The same Norton Antivirus versiondoesn't have this problem on Windows 2000. Norton Antivirus version 5on Windows 98SE doesn't have this problem either.)What's New in Python 2.0?For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between Python2.0 and Python 1.5.2, please see the article What's New in Python 2.0 by A.M. Kuchlingand Moshe Zadka.What's new in 2.0 (since release candidate 1)?Standard libraryThe copy_reg module was modified to clarify its intended use: to register pickle support for extension types, not for classes. pickle() will raise a TypeError if it is passed a class.Fixed a bug in gettext's "normalize and expand" code that prevented it from finding an existing .mo file.Restored support for HTTP/0.9 servers in httplib.The math module was changed to stop raising OverflowError in case of underflow, and return 0 instead in underflow cases. Whether Python used to raise OverflowError in case of underflow was platform- dependent (it did when the platform math library set errno to ERANGE on underflow).Fixed a bug in StringIO that occurred when the file position was not at the end of the file and write() was called with enough data to extend past the end of the file.Fixed a bug that caused Tkinter error messages to get lost on Windows. The bug was fixed by replacing direct use of interp->result with Tcl_GetStringResult(interp).Fixed bug in urllib2 that caused it to fail when it received an HTTP redirect response.Several changes were made to distutils: Some debugging code was removed from util. Fixed the installer used when an external zip program (like WinZip) is not found; the source code for this installer is in Misc/distutils. check_lib() was modified to behave more like AC_CHECK_LIB by add other_libraries() as a parameter. The test for whether installed modules are on sys.path was changed to use both normcase() and normpath().Several minor bugs were fixed in the xml package (the minidom, pulldom, expatreader, and saxutils modules).The regression test driver (regrtest.py) behavior when invoked with -l changed: It now reports a count of objects that are recognized as garbage but not freed by the garbage collector.The regression test for the math module was changed to test exceptional behavior when the test is run in verbose mode. Python cannot yet guarantee consistent exception behavior across platforms, so the exception part of test_math is run only in verbose mode, and may fail on your platform.InternalsPyOS_CheckStack() has been disabled on Win64, where it caused test_sre to fail.Build issuesChanged compiler flags, so that gcc is always invoked with -Wall and -Wstrict-prototypes. Users compiling Python with GCC should see exactly one warning, except if they have passed configure the --with-pydebug flag. The expected warning is for getopt() in Modules/main.c. This warning will be fixed for Python 2.1.Fixed configure to add -threads argument during linking on OSF1. Tools and other miscellanyThe compiler in Tools/compiler was updated to support the new language features introduced in 2.0: extended print statement, list comprehensions, and augmented assignments. The new compiler should also be backwards compatible with Python 1.5.2; the compiler will always generate code for the version of the interpreter it runs under. What's new in 2.0 release candidate 1 (since beta 2)?What is release candidate 1?We believe that release candidate 1 will fix all known bugs that weintend to fix for the 2.0 final release. This release should be a bitmore stable than the previous betas. We would like to see even morewidespread testing before the final release, so we are producing thisrelease candidate. The final release will be exactly the same unlessany show-stopping (or brown bag) bugs are found by testers of therelease candidate.All the changes since the last beta release are bug fixes or changesto support building Python for specific platforms.Core language, builtins, and interpreterA bug that caused crashes when __coerce__ was used with augmented assignment, e.g. +=, was fixed.Raise ZeroDivisionError when raising zero to a negative number, e.g. 0.0 ** -2.0. Note that math.pow is unrelated to the builtin power operator and the result of math.pow(0.0, -2.0) will vary by platform. On Linux, it raises a ValueError.A bug in Unicode string interpolation was fixed that occasionally caused errors with formats including "%%". For example, the following expression "%% %s" % u"abc" no longer raises a TypeError.Compilation of deeply nested expressions raises MemoryError instead of SyntaxError, e.g. eval("[" * 50 + "]" * 50).In 2.0b2 on Windows, the interpreter wrote .pyc files in text mode, rendering them useless. They are now written in binary mode again.Standard libraryKeyword arguments are now accepted for most pattern and match object methods in SRE, the standard regular expression engine.In SRE, fixed error with negative lookahead and lookbehind that manifested itself as a runtime error in patterns like "(? 2ff7e9595c
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